Type Alias CmcdRequest

Aggregate encoded bitrate

The aggregate encoded bitrate across a playable combination of tracks. This metric SHOULD NOT be used when the individual bitrates of the tracks are known. This value SHOULD be derived from a playlist/manifest declaration, or it MAY be estimated by the player. If the playlist declares both peak and average bitrate values, the peak value MUST be transmitted. This value MUST NOT be sent if the encoded bitrate is known.

Inner list of integer kbps with token identifiers

Backgrounded

All players in a session are currently in a state that is not visible to the user due to a user interaction. This key SHOULD only be sent if it is TRUE. If the visibility state of the player is not known this key SHOULD NOT be reported.

Boolean

Buffer length

The buffer length associated with the media object being requested. This value SHOULD be rounded to the nearest 100 ms.

Inner list of integer milliseconds with token identifiers

Encoded bitrate

The encoded bitrate. In request mode, this refers to the encoded bitrate of the requested representation. In event mode this refers to the encoded bitrate of the currently selected representation. This SHOULD be derived from playlist/manifest declarations, or it MAY be estimated by the player. If the playlist declares both peak and average bitrate values, the peak value MUST be transmitted.

Inner list of integer kbps with token identifiers

Buffer starvation

TRUE if the player buffer was starved at some point between the prior report and this report per reporting destination, resulting in the player entering a rebuffering state or remaining in a rebuffering state. Note that if the player begins requesting data from a new CDN, then this key might initially report buffering caused by the prior CDN. This key SHOULD NOT be reported if it is FALSE.

Boolean

Buffer Starvation Absolute

An absolute count of buffer starvation events since session initiation. A buffer starvation event occurs when the state changes to rebuffering. Token identifier MAY be omitted if the cause of the rebuffering is unknown.

Inner list of integers with optional token identifiers

Buffer Starvation Duration

A list of durations of each buffer starvation period reported once the rebuffering has completed. This value MUST only be reported once per reporting mode and report destination. Token identifier MAY be omitted if the cause of the rebuffering is unknown.

Inner list of integer milliseconds with optional token identifiers

Buffer Starvation Duration Absolute

An absolute count of buffer starvation duration since session initiation. Token identifier MAY be omitted if the cause of the rebuffering is unknown.

Inner list of integer milliseconds with optional token identifiers

CDN ID

A string identifying the current delivery network from which the player is retrieving content. Maximum length is 128 characters.

String

Content ID

A unique string identifying the current content. The maximum length is 128 characters. This value is consistent across multiple different sessions and devices and is defined and updated at the discretion of the service provider.

String

Content Signature

A string representing a signature of the content being played. This field SHOULD vary with content ID and be bound by some mechanism to the content. For example, this field may be used to transmit the C2PA signature associated with the content being viewed.

String

Object duration

The playback duration in milliseconds of the object being requested. If a partial segment is being requested, then this value MUST indicate the playback duration of that part and not that of its parent segment. This value can be an approximation of the estimated duration if the explicit value is not known. This value MUST NOT be sent for objects which do not have an object type of 'a', 'v', 'av', 'tt', 'c', or 'o'.

Integer milliseconds

Dropped Frames Absolute

An absolute count of dropped frames since session initiation. This key SHOULD only be sent for content types of 'v', 'av' or 'o'. Note that this value will be driven by the content being rendered rather than the content being retrieved, therefore it is beneficial if accompanied by the playhead time 'pt' key to allow for correct interpretation.

Integer

Deadline

Deadline from the request time until the first sample of this Segment/Object needs to be available in order to not create a buffer underrun or any other playback problems. This value MUST be rounded to the nearest 100ms. For a playback rate of 1, this may be equivalent to the player's remaining buffer length.

Integer milliseconds

Player Error Code

A string defining an error code produced by the player. The namespace and formatting of this error code is left to the application.

Even if only one error code is being specified, the list notation MUST still be used.

Inner list of strings

Lowest aggregated encoded bitrate

The lowest aggregated bitrate rendition in the manifest or playlist. This SHOULD be derived from playlist/manifest declarations, or it MAY be estimated by the player. If the playlist declares both peak and average bitrate values, the peak value MUST be transmitted. The aggregate encoded bitrate is of the complete media object including all object types. This value MUST NOT be sent if the lowest encoded bitrate is known.

Inner list of integer kbps with token identifiers

Lowest encoded bitrate

The lowest bitrate rendition in the manifest or playlist. This SHOULD be derived from playlist/manifest declarations, or it MAY be estimated by the player. If the playlist declares both peak and average bitrate values, the peak value MUST be transmitted. This lowest bitrate MUST apply to the object type being requested. Requests for video objects MUST specify the lowest video bitrate and requests for audio objects MUST specify the lowest audio bitrate.

Inner list of integer kbps with token identifiers

Live stream latency

The time delta between when a given media timestamp was made available at the origin and when it was rendered by the player. The accuracy of this estimate is dependent on synchronization between the packager and the player clocks.

Integer milliseconds

Media Start Delay

Measures the initial delay in wall-clock time from when a player is instructed to play media for a given session to when any media begins playback, whether it be primary content or interstitial content. This value SHOULD be the time difference between the "starting" and "playing" states.

This key MUST only be sent once per Session ID and MUST be sent for each reporting mode which is active within the player.

Integer milliseconds

Measured throughput

The throughput between player and server, as measured by the player. Throughput MUST be rounded to the nearest 100 kbps. This value, however derived, SHOULD be the value that the player is using to make its next Adaptive Bitrate switching decision. If the player is requesting different object types from different providers then it SHOULD take care to match the throughput measured against that provider with each object type request. It is acceptable to report aggregate information if objects of the same type are requested from different providers. If the player has multiple concurrent connections to the provider, then the intent is that this value communicates the aggregate throughput the player sees across all those connections. If this key is sent on an interval report, the value transmitted should be the last throughput estimate made by the player prior to making the report. There is no requirement for the player to calculate the average measured throughput since the prior interval report.

Inner list of integer kbps with token identifiers

Next object request

The relative path, as defined by RFC 3986, to one or more objects which can reasonably be expected to be requested by the player making the current request. Each object SHOULD be fetched in its entirety unless there is a range associated with the future request. Even if only one object is being specified, the list notation MUST still be used. If there is a range associated with the future request, then the range is communicated as the parameter 'r' with a String value. The formatting of the String value is similar to the HTTP Range header, except that the unit MUST be 'byte', the 'Range:' prefix is NOT permitted, specifying multiple ranges is NOT allowed and the only valid combinations are:

• "<range-start>-"
• "<range-start>-<range-end>"
• "-<suffix-length>"

The player SHOULD NOT depend upon any pre-fetch action being taken - it is merely a request for such a pre-fetch to take place.

Inner list of strings

Non rendered

True when the content being retrieved by a player is not rendered as audio or video. The key SHOULD only be sent when it is TRUE.

Boolean

Object type

The media type of the current object being requested:

• m = text file, such as a manifest or playlist
• a = audio only
• v = video only
• av = muxed audio and video
• i = init segment
• c = caption or subtitle
• tt = ISOBMFF timed text track
• k = cryptographic key, license or certificate.
• o = other

If the object type being requested is unknown, then this key MUST NOT be used.

This key is also used as a token parameter for other keys.

Token

Playhead bitrate

The encoded bitrate of the media object(s) being shown to the end user.

Inner list of integer kbps with token identifiers

Playback rate

1.0 if real-time, 2.0 if double speed, 0 if not playing. SHOULD only be sent if not equal to 1.0.

Decimal

Playhead time

The playhead time, expressed in milliseconds, which is being rendered to the viewer when the report is made.

Integer milliseconds

Requested maximum throughput

The requested maximum throughput that the player considers sufficient for delivery of the asset. Values MUST be rounded to the nearest 100kbps.

Integer kbps

Streaming format

The streaming format that defines the current request.

• d = MPEG DASH
• h = HTTP Live Streaming (HLS)
• e = HESP
• s = Smooth Streaming
• o = other

Token

Session ID

A GUID identifying the current playback session. A playback session typically consists of the playback of a single media asset along with accompanying content such as advertisements. This session may comprise the playback of primary content combined with interstitial content. This session is being played on a single device. The maximum length is 64 characters. It is RECOMMENDED to conform to the UUID specification.

String

Sequence Number

A monotonically increasing integer to identify the sequence of a CMCD report to a target within a session. This MUST be reset to zero on the start of a new session-id. Sequence numbers increase independently per each combination of mode and target.

Integer

Stream type

• v = all segments are available - e.g., VOD
• l = segments become available over time - e.g., LIVE
• ll = low latency LIVE

Token

State

A token describing the current playback state of the player as perceived by the end user, one of:

• s - starting: the player has been instructed to play media for a given session, either by a user interaction or by an autoplay action.
• p - playing: Media is being rendered.
• k - seeking: The start of the action of moving the playhead position after starting.
• r - rebuffering: Media has stopped being rendered due to an insufficient buffer. This state is not reported during startup or seeking.
• a - paused: Playback has been intentionally paused by either the user or the player.
• e - ended: Rendering has ended due to completion of the media asset playback.
• f - fatal error: Rendering has ended due to an irrecoverable error.
• q - quit: User initiated end of playback before media asset completion.
• d - preloading: the player is loading, or has loaded, assets ahead of starting in order to provide a fast startup. The expectation is that playback will commence at a future time.

Token - one of [s,p,k,r,a,e,f,q,d]

Startup

Key is included without a value if the object is needed urgently due to startup, seeking or recovery after a buffer-empty event. The player reports this key as true until its buffer first reaches the target buffer for stable playback.

Boolean

Top aggregated encoded bitrate

The highest aggregated bitrate rendition in the manifest or playlist. This SHOULD be derived from playlist/manifest declarations, or it MAY be estimated by the player. If the playlist declares both peak and average bitrate values, the peak value MUST be transmitted. The aggregate encoded bitrate is of the complete media object including all object types. This value MUST NOT be sent if the top encoded bitrate is known.

Inner list of integer kbps with token identifiers

Top encoded bitrate

The highest bitrate rendition in the manifest or playlist. This SHOULD be derived from playlist/manifest declarations, or it MAY be estimated by the player. If the playlist declares both peak and average bitrate values, the peak value MUST be transmitted. This top bitrate MUST apply to the object type being requested. Requests for video objects MUST specify the top video bitrate and requests for audio objects MUST specify the top audio bitrate.

Inner list of integer kbps with token identifiers

Target Buffer length

The target buffer length associated with the media object being requested at the time of the request. This value SHOULD be rounded to the nearest 100 ms.

Inner list of integer milliseconds with token identifiers

Top playable bitrate

The highest bitrate rendition that the player is currently capable of playing for reasons other than bandwidth limitations. This key captures the cases in which, for example, screen resolution, DRM, or performance constraints limit the player's topmost choice of bitrate. These constraints are intentionally obfuscated for privacy reasons.

This key can increase the fingerprinting surface exposed by CMCD transmission and SHOULD NOT be transmitted in a default player configuration.

If the playlist declares both peak and average bitrate values, the peak value MUST be transmitted. This top playable bitrate MUST apply to the object type being requested. Requests for video objects MUST specify the top playable video bitrate and requests for audio objects MUST specify the top playable audio bitrate. This value MUST NOT be sent for objects which do not have an object type of 'a', 'v', 'av' or 'c'.

Inner list of integer kbps with token identifiers

Version

The version of this specification used for interpreting the defined key names and values. If this key is omitted, the player and server MUST interpret the values as being defined by version 1. Player SHOULD omit this field if the version is 1 and MUST include this field if the version is not 1.

Integer